What are the primary functions of an operating system? Briefly describe any two of them.
[3 marks]Explain the need for an operating system in modern computing. What challenges does it address?
[4 marks]Discuss the different types of operating systems. Compare at least two types in terms of their architecture and use cases.
[7 marks]Define a process and explain its key attributes.
[3 marks]Describe the critical section problem and its significance in process management.
[4 marks]Discuss the different algorithms used for process scheduling. Compare at least two algorithms in terms of efficiency.
[7 marks]Explain the deadlock characteristics and the strategies for deadlock prevention with examples.
[7 marks]Differentiate physical and logical address space.
[3 marks]Explain contiguous allocation and its advantages and disadvantages in memory management.
[4 marks]Discuss the various page replacement policies. Compare at least two policies.
[7 marks]Define paging in the context of memory management. Why is it used?
[3 marks]Describe the concept of demand paging and how it differs from traditional paging.
[4 marks]Explain segmentation and its benefits over paging. Provide examples of scenarios where segmentation might be preferred.
[7 marks]What is file management in an operating system, and why is it important?
[3 marks]Explain the role of the kernel I/Osubsystem in managing input/output operations.
[4 marks]Discuss the structure of mass storage and how it impacts data management in an operating system. Include an explanation of disk structure.1
[7 marks]Define disk scheduling and mention two common disk scheduling algorithms.
[3 marks]What are the main characteristics of device hardware that an operating system must manage?
[4 marks]Explain the concept of STREAMS in the context of application I/Ointerfaces. How do they facilitate communication between applications and device drivers?
[7 marks]What are system calls in Unix/Linux, and why are they important?
[3 marks]Discuss the role and function of the kernel in a Unix/Linux operating system.
[4 marks]Trace the development of Unix/Linux, highlighting key milestones and contributions to operating system design.
[7 marks]List and briefly describe two elementary Linux commands.
[3 marks]Explain the directory structure of Unix/Linux systems and its significance.
[4 marks]Compare and contrast system administration in Linux and Windows operating systems, focusing on tools and approaches used for managing system resources. -------2
[7 marks]