How do various solid-liquid separation techniques work?
[3 marks]How does the operation of spray drying utilize both solid and fluid phases?
[4 marks]How can the settling velocity of particles be characterized, and why is it important for sedimentation processes?
[7 marks]Define Mean particle size, drag coefficient, Pressure Mean Diameter.
[3 marks]How can flocculation and coagulation improve solid-liquid separation processes.
[4 marks]How do batch mixing and continuous mixing differ, and what are their advantages and disadvantages?
[7 marks]How does viscosity of the fluid influence the choice of agitator?
[7 marks]Define minimum fluidization velocity and describe how it can be determined.
[3 marks]Can static mixers be used for highly viscous fluids, and if so, how?
[4 marks]What measures are in place to prevent leakage or spillage during transport?
[7 marks]Compare and contrast bubbling, circulating, and spouted fluidized beds.
[3 marks]Describe the conditions under which a material will fluidize?
[4 marks]Describe construction and working of belt conveying system.
[7 marks]What are kneaders?
[3 marks]Explain the significance of void fraction in fluidization.
[4 marks]Given the following data, calculate the time required to complete the filtration process: Filtration area: 0.5 m² Filtration rate: 2 × 10⁻³ m³/s Cake resistance: 2 × 10¹² m⁻¹ Viscosity: 1.5 × 10⁻³ Pa·s Pressure drop: 100 kPa
[7 marks]Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation.
[3 marks]What are the key differences between a slurry bed reactor and a fixed bed reactor?
[4 marks]Derive an expression for the concentration of solute in solution during leaching as a function of time.
[7 marks]What is the significance of the contact time in fixed bed reactors?1
[3 marks]What are the different stages of drying? Describe each stage briefly.
[4 marks]Given the following data, calculate the time required to filter 0.1 m³ of fluid: Filtration area: 0.8 m² Pressure drop: 150 kPa Fluid viscosity: 1 × 10⁻³ Pa·s Cake resistance: 3 × 10¹² m⁻¹ Specific volume: 0.4 m³ per kg of cake
[7 marks]Define supersaturation and explain its role in crystallization.
[3 marks]Explain how the filtration rate changes over time in a filter press.
[4 marks]Describe construction and working of hydro cyclones.
[7 marks]