Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments — Winter 2022

Which methods are used for producing deflecting, controlling and damping torques in a Moving Iron instruments?

List types of systematic error. Explain the measures taken to minimize these errors.

Describe with neat sketches the construction and working of L.V.D.T. Also draw its output characteristics.

Discuss different methods of measurement.

Differentiate between the following citing suitable examples: (i) Active and Passive transducers (ii) Transducers and Inverse transducers

Draw the circuit of a Kelvin’s Double Bridge used for measurement of low resistance. Derive the condition for balance.

Define the terms:

Speed of response, (ii) Accuracy, (iii) Precision, (iv) Reproducibility,

Drift, (vi) Threshold, (vii) Fidelity

Explain the different principles of working of capacitive transducers for measurement of displacement.

How is the instrument range extended by Instrument Transformers?

Discuss construction and working principle of induction type single phase energy meter.

Explain why electrodynamometer type of instruments can be used both on ac and dc?

Explain working principle of Weston frequency meter.

Describe the working and construction of resistance thermometers. Describe the materials used for RTDs. Also draw the resistance versus temperature characteristic.

Draw circuit diagram of Maxwell’s bridge.

Explain the working principle of LCR meter.

Describe the construction and working of a PMMC instrument. Derive the equation for deflection for PMMC instrument if the instrument is spring controlled.

Why is Hay’s Bridge suitable for measurement of inductors having a Q greater than 10?

Describe the principle of working of a digital storage oscilloscope.

Explain measurement of unknown capacitance with the help of Schering bridge. Also draw phasor diagram.1

Explain any one transducer used for measurement of speed.

Give an overview of different digital display devices.

Define electrical transducer and discuss general characteristics of transducer.

Write a short note on digital recorders.

What are the difficulties encountered in the measurement of high resistance? Explain how these difficulties are overcome.

List the different types of digital voltmeters. Explain any one in detail.