Power plant Engineering — Winter 2024

What are main circuits in modern thermal power plant? What criteria is considered for site selection of thermal power plant?

Compare the advantages and drawbacks of Gas Turbine power plant with Steam Turbine power plant.

Describe construction of Nuclear reactor. Give the functions and materials used for following components of nuclear reactor: (i) fuel (ii) moderator (iii) reflector.

Explain the principle of fluidized bed combustion with neat sketch.

State the concept of Supercritical Boiler. Describe construction and working of La-Mont boiler.

Give classification of nozzles with application. Derive equation of critical pressure ratio of nozzle and explain its significance in designing nozzle.

Superheated steam (n=1.36) is expanded in a set of nozzles from 10 bar and 200 0C to 5 bar. Find whether the nozzle is convergent or convergent- divergent? Assuming the isentropic expansion of steam, calculate the minimum area of nozzles to flow steam at the rate of 3 kg per second. Neglect the initial velocity and take coefficient of discharge Cd = 0.97.

Define the following terms related to gas turbine. (i) work ratio, (ii) Air rate, (iii) specific fuel consumption

With P-V, T-Sand schematic diagram compare open cycle gas turbine plant with closed cycle gas turbine plant.

Explain the effect of following operating variables on the thermal efficiency of gas turbine. (i) Compressor inlet temperature, (ii) Turbine inlet temperature, (iii) Pressure ratio, (iv) Compressor and turbine efficiency.

State various applications of gas turbines. State the merits and demerits of gas turbine over steam turbine.

Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of ideal Brayton cycle in terms of pressure ratio. State the assumptions made.

Asimple impulse turbine has a mean blade ring diameter of 55 cm and rotates at a speed of 10,000 rpm. The nozzle angle is 200 and the steam leaves the nozzle with a velocity of 1000 m/sec. The blades are equiangular and the blade friction factor is 0.85. Determine (i) Inlet angle of the blade (ii) Torque on the turbine rotor for steam flow of 1350 kg/hr (iii) Diagram efficiency.

Explain with neat sketch Natural Draft cooling tower.

Explain working of an electrostatic precipitator for ash handling.1

Find the mass flow rate of flue gases through the chimney when the draught produced is equal to 19 mm of water column. The temperature of gases is 300°Cand the ambient temperature is 28°C. The mass of air used is 18 kg per kg of fuel burnt. Diameter of chimney is 2.2 m.

Compare Mechanical Draught and Natural Draught.

State importance of vacuum in condenser? Explain any one method to achieve vacuum in condenser.

Why feed water treatment is necessary. List various feed water treatment processes used in power plants. Explain any one in detail with neat sketch.

Explain power production from solar photo-voltaic cells.

Explain principle and working of fuel cells.

Explain importance of waste disposal in nuclear power plant. Describe methods of waste disposal.

Compare horizontal axis wind turbine with vertical axis wind turbine.

Define: (i) connected load, (ii) demand factor (iii) diversity factor (iv) plant capacity factor

Explain PWR Nuclear power plant.