Define food engineering and explain its importance in food industries.
[3 marks]Discuss various unit operations used in food processing with suitable examples.
[4 marks]Explain the concept of system, control volume, and boundary with suitable examples from food processing.
[7 marks]Explain the modes of heat transfer and their applications in food engineering.
[3 marks]Derive Fourier’s law of heat conduction and state its practical applications.
[4 marks]Astainless-steel wall of thickness 0.01 m has an area of 2 m² and thermal conductivity of 16 W/m·K. The inner and outer surface temperatures are 373 Kand 333 Krespectively. Calculate the rate of heat transfer.
[7 marks]Explain the working of a double-pipe heat exchanger and its advantages in the food industry.
[7 marks]Define mass balance and explain its importance in food process calculations.
[3 marks]Explain the steps involved in performing a material balance with suitable examples.
[4 marks]Afruit juice concentrate 20% solids is prepared by evaporating water from raw juice 10% solids. Calculate the amount of water removed if 1000 kg of raw juice is processed.
[7 marks]Explain the concept of energy balance in steady-state systems.
[3 marks]Write a short note on enthalpy and its use in food process calculations.
[4 marks]Discuss the significance of psychrometric charts in drying and air-conditioning for food industries.
[7 marks]Define food preservation and classify preservation techniques.
[3 marks]Explain the principle of thermal processing and its advantages.
[4 marks]Afood product is heated from 30°Cto 90°Cusing a specific heat capacity of 3.8 kJ/kg·Kfor 50 kg of material. Calculate the total heat required. Page 1 of
[2 marks]Explain low-temperature preservation techniques with examples.
[3 marks]Discuss non-thermal preservation methods used in modern food processing.
[4 marks]Write a short note on chemical preservatives and their limitations.
[7 marks]Discuss the organization and structure of a food processing plant.
[3 marks]Explain the role of automation and instrumentation in modern food industries.
[4 marks]List various government organizations regulating food safety and quality in India FSSAI, BIS, AGMARK, etc.
[7 marks]Explain the importance of good manufacturing practices GMP and HACCP in food industries.
[3 marks]Write a short note on career opportunities and trends in food engineering.
[4 marks]Explain briefly the concept of sustainability and green processing in food industry. Page 2 of
[2 marks]