Define error. Classify the error and methods of their minimization.
[6 marks]Discuss various sources of impurities.
[5 marks]Write a note on dropping mercury electrode (DME).
[5 marks]Explain in detail theories acid- base indicators.
[6 marks]Define buffer solution. Explain in detail Henderson-Hasselbach equation for finding pH of buffer solution.
[5 marks]What is non aqueous titration? Give merits, demerits and application of non aqueous titration.
[5 marks]What is gravimetric analysis? Discuss steps involved in gravimetric analysis.
[6 marks]Discuss in detail about Diazotization titration.
[5 marks]What is hydrolysis? Derive equation for finding pH of aqueous solution of salt of strong acid and weak base.
[5 marks]Write a short note on (I) Masking and Demasking reagents (II) pM indicators.
[6 marks]Define Ligand and Chelate. Give an account of different types of EDTA titrations.
[5 marks]Write a note on Volhard’s method of Precipitation titration.
[5 marks]Discuss the principle involved in the assay of magnesium sulphate IP’96.
[6 marks]Enlist types of redox titration and explain iodine titration in detail.
[5 marks]Explain in detail Mohr’s method. Q. 6 (a) Write a brief note on types of non aqueous solvents and leveling and differentiating effect of solvent.
[6 marks]Define terms: (i) Co Precipitation (ii) Primary standard compound (iii) Standardization (iv) Pharmacopeia (v) Normality.
[5 marks]Describe factors affecting on conductance.
[5 marks]Comments: (1) Water is differentiating solvent for HCl and CH COOH. (2) Starch indicator should be added near the end point in iodine titration. (3) Electrolyte solution is used for wash precipitate.
[6 marks]Define Reference electrode. Enlist types of it and write a note on Saturated Calomel electrode (SCE).
[5 marks]Write a brief note on different techniques of analysis.
[5 marks]