Describe the origins of the impurities found in pharmaceuticals.
[6 marks]Define the Limit test. Discuss the principle behind the limit test of Iron.
[5 marks]Describe the role of the following physiological ions in the body. 1) Calcium ion, 2) Sodium ion
[5 marks]Write the principle behind the Arsenic limit test
[6 marks]Define Antacid. Write examples of the antacid. List out the ideal properties of antacids.
[5 marks]What is dental caries? Write a note on the role of fluorides in treating dental caries.
[5 marks]Explain various methods of adjusting isotonicity.
[6 marks]Discuss the physiological acid-base balance in brief.
[5 marks]Give the medicinal class of each of the following compounds. Chlorinated lime, Calcium carbonate, Potassium permanganate, Activated charcoal, and Potash alum
[5 marks]Explain various mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents.
[6 marks]Explain the calcium gluconate assay principle in detail.
[5 marks]Give a note on cathartics.
[5 marks]Define haematinics. Enlist official preparations of iron. Explain the assay principle of green vitriol.
[6 marks]Define buffer and buffer capacity. Enlist the application of buffers in the pharmacy.
[5 marks]What are Astringents? Write effects and medicinal uses of astringents. Q. 6 (a) Give the mechanism of cyanide poisoning. How sodium thiosulphate and sodium nitrate are beneficial as inorganic drugs in cyanide poisoning?
[6 marks]Explain various properties of α, β, γ radiations.
[5 marks]Define expectorants. Explain the assay principle of ammonium chloride.
[5 marks]Explain the construction and working of the Geiger-Muller counter with a detailed diagram.
[6 marks]Give the chemical formula, physical properties, and method of preparation of blue vitriol.
[5 marks]Write the medicinal uses of each of the following radiopharmaceuticals. 131I, 59F, 24Na, 57CO, 32P
[5 marks]