Hydrology & Water Resources Engineering — Winter 2019

Define: Drought, Evapotranspiration, Ground water.

Enlist types of dams based on their function. Explain any one in brief.

What is hydrological cycle? Give a brief discussion of different components of hydrological cycle with neat sketch.

Enlist the types of Precipitation. Explain any one with neat sketch in brief.

Write shone note on Leeves and flood walls.

The recording rain gauge was installed on a basin having catchment area of 40 km2. The mass curve of rainfall is recorded during a storm is given below. If the volume of measured runoff due to storm is 1.35x106m3, estimate w-index and Ø-index of the basin. Consider start of storm in hours and cumulative rainfall in mm. Time from start of storm 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Cumulative rainfall 0 7 19 58 70 85 93 99 102

Find out the ordinates of a storm hydrograph resulting from a 9 hr storm with rainfall of 2.0, 5.75 and 2.75 cm during subsequent 3-hr intervals. The ordinates of 3 hr UH at 3 hr interval are 0, 100, 355 ,510, 380, 300, 260, 225, 165, 120, 85, 55, 30,22,10,0 cumecs. Assume an initial loss of 0.5 cm, an infiltration index of 0.25cm/hr and a base flow of 10 cumecs.

Explain the terms with suitable example: Aquifuge, Aquiclude, Aquitard.

Afully penetrating well of diameter 0.5m is drilled in a confined aquifer 2.5m thick. If a steady state draw downs at 12m and 50m are observed to be 2.50m and 0.6m. Determine the discharge. Take k=1x10-3m/s.

Discuss the various methods of determining the average depth of rainfall over a catchment.

What is spillway? Explain function of spillway.

What is Darcy’s Law? How will you measure co-efficient of permeability of a soil?

Give difference between: (I) Hyetograph and Direct runoff hydrograph, (II) Unit hydrograph and S-Hydrograph.

Explain factors affecting the selection of site for a dam.

Give difference between Penstocks and Turbines.

Discuss with neat sketch, the various zones of reservoir.

Explain Ogee spillway and Chute spillway.

Define: (I) Safe yield, (II) Density current, (III) Trap efficiency, (IV) Useful life of a reservoir.

Write principle components of hydro electrical scheme and explain them with their utility.

Give difference between hydrological drought and meteorological drought.

Write short note on flood forecasting and warning.

Abridge has an expected life of 25 years and designed for flood management of return period of 100 years. (a) What is the risk of this hydrologic design? (b) If a 12% risk is acceptable, what return period will have to be adopted?

Explain various causes of flood.

Explain: (I) Hydrologic Storage routing, (II) Hydrologic channel routing.

What is Water harvesting? Explain various methods water harvesting.