LASER and Fiber Optics in Medical Technology — Winter 2024

Explain Total Internal Reflection with necessary Diagram.

The refractive index of the core of an optic fiber was 1.47 and that of the cladding was 1.44, Calculate Cone of acceptance.

Explain Components of Endoscopic System in Detail.

Compare the characteristics of LASER light and Ordinary Light.

Alight ray is traveling in a transparent material of refractive index 1.51 and approaches a second material of refractive index 1.46. Calculate the critical angle.

What is intermodal dispersion? Give the Equation to calculate No. of Modes. How do we overcome internodal dispersion with GI and SI Fiber?

Explain below Given Auxiliary Mechanical Devices and Subsystems with necessary Figure. Grasping forceps, Biopsy forceps, Cytology brushes, Snare, Cutting tools

What is LASER? Give classification of LASER.

Explain Skew Ray, meridional and Axial ray in brief with necessary figure.

Describe the Operation of LASER with Proper Diagram.

What is Window? Give importance of 850nm.

Define: Population Inversion & Differentiate between Spontaneous Emission and Stimulated emission.

Write a Short Note on ND-YAG LASER.

Draw structure of Optical Fiber and give Importance of Cladding and Buffer element.

Explain any One application of LASER in Diagnosis.

Explain Principle of Fiber Optic Biomedical Sensing System (Direct and indirect) with necessary Diagram.

Short Note: LASER Lithotripsy

Explain any One application of LASER in Therapy.

Explain Thermal Interaction of LASER with Tissues.1

Explain Angioscopy In a brief.

If light leaves a material of refractive index 1.45 and crosses an abrupt boundary into a material of refractive index 1.0, Calculate the Fresnel loss

Explain different bending losses associated with optical fiber with proper illustrations.

Explain Arthroscopy in a brief.

Explain: Rayleigh scattering, Fresnel reflection.

Write a note on: Applications of LASERs in Detection of Plaque in Cardiology