Water Resources Engineering and Hydrology — Winter 2022

Explain the terms (i) Infiltration capacity (ii) Infiltration rate (iii) Rainfall excess

What is evaporation? Mention the factors affecting evaporation.

List various methods of calculating average rainfall over area and eexvpalpaoinr aItsioohny eevtaalp moeevtahroadti.o n

Define (i) Direct runoff hydrograph (ii) Unit hydrograph (iii) S- hydrograph

Explain mass curve? Explain how mass curve is prepared ?

Arain gauge recorded the following accumulated rainfall during the storm. Draw the mass rainfall curve and the hyetograph. Time 10. 10.1 10. 10. 11. 11. 11. 11. 12. (A.M.) 00 5 30 45 00 15 30 45 00 Accumulate 0.0 8.5 16 27 37 48 62 80 90 d rain fall (mm)

Apeak of flood hydrograph due to 6 hr storm is 470 m3/s. The average depth of rainfall is 8 cms. Assume an infiltration loss of 0.25 cm/hour and a constant base flow of 15 m3/sec. Estimate the peak discharge of 6-hour unit for this catchment.

Explain with a neat sketch, occurance of ground water at various location below the earth surface.

Explain Darcy’s law and what are its limitation? During the recuperation test of a 4.0 m open wee a recuperation of

the depression head from 2.5 m to 1.25 m was found to take place in 90 minutes. Determine specific capacity per unit well area. Also determine yield of well for safe drawdown of 2.5 m.

Define (i) porosity (ii) specific retention (iii) specific yield

Distinguish between permeability and transmissibility of soil

Design an open well in fine sand to give a discharge of 0.03 cumec when worked under a depression head of 2.5 m.

Define (i) safe yield (ii) secondary yield (iii) design yield.

Explain measure to reduce evaporation losses from reservoir.

Explain with neat sketch storage zones of reservoir1

Define (i) Trap efficiency (ii) Density currents (iii) capacity- inflow ratio

Discuss in details factors affecting selection of dam type?

What are the various causes for the reservoir sedimentation and how would you reduce the rate od sedimentation?

Define flood routing. What are the uses of flood routing?

Explain roof top water harvesting method

Explain various causes of flood

What is artificial ground water recharge explain any two methods

Give the functional requirements of a multi – purpose projects

Explain drought and causes of drought