LASER and Fiber Optics in Medical Technology — Summer 2022

Define the following terms (i) Numerical Aperture (ii) Critical Angle

State the Snell’s Law with necessary equations.

Describe the Principle of LASER and briefly explain the working of Carbon Dioxide (CO ) LASER.2

Give the difference between the Ordinary Light Source and LASER Light Source.

Write a short note on Classifications of LASER.

Explain the Losses and Dispersion in the Optical Fiber Cable in detail with necessary diagrams.

Explain the propagation of light along straight transparent and bend slab.

Enlist the Medical Lasers with their applications.

Write a short note on Fluorescence endoscopy.

Explain therapy by Thermal Interaction between Lasers and Tissue.

Enlist the possible complications in the use of Laser Fiber Optic System.

Write a technical note on Fiber Optic Biomedical Sensor.

Explain the Integrated Laser-Fiber Systems with their applications.

Define the following terms (i) Refraction of Light (ii) Cleaving

Write a short note on Angioscope.

Explain the Endoscopic Imaging Systems in detail with necessary schematics.

Enlist the different types of Connectors and Couplers used in Optical Fiber.

Write a short note on Nd: YAG Laser.

Explain the use of Endoscope for therapy in detail.1

Enlist the Clinical applications of Fiber Optic Laser Systems.

Light travels from air into an optical fiber with an index of refraction of 1.5. If the angle of incidence on the end of the fiber is 36° then what is the angle of refraction inside the fiber? (Consider the Refractive Index of Air is 1).

Explain the Fiber Optic Laser System in Ophthalmology in detail.

Describe the Laser Safety in brief.

An optical fiber is made up of a core, where light travels, made of glass of refractive index n = 1.44 surrounded by another layer of1 glass of lower refractive index n then Find the refractive index n22 of the cladding so that the critical angle at the interface core cladding is 60°.

Explain the Fiber Optic Laser System in Cardiovascular disease.