Enlist the important applications of Navier-stoke equations.
[3 marks]Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for laminar flow in the circular pipe.
[7 marks]Describe water hammer phenomenon in pipes.
[4 marks]Enlist the various major and minor energy losses in pipes? Derive an expression for head loss due to sudden enlargement of pipe.
[7 marks]Define and enlist types of draft tube with neat sketch.
[3 marks]Differentiate hydro-dynamically smooth and rough pipes.
[4 marks]Prove that Maximum Velocity is equal to one and half times the average velocity for flow between fixed parallel plate.
[7 marks]Describe Reynolds’s experiment.
[3 marks]Write a note on prevention of boundary layer separation.
[4 marks]Define the most economical channel section and Discuss the importance of it.
[7 marks]Explain boundary layer growth over a flat plate. Derive the expression for momentum thickness of boundary layer flow.
[7 marks]What do you mean by pipes in series and pipes in parallel? How the loss of head is determined in both systems.
[4 marks]What are the differences between pipe flow and open channel flow?
[3 marks]What is cavitation? What are its effects? Give necessary precaution against cavitations in pumps.
[4 marks]Define: Critical flow, Critical depth.
[3 marks]Derive Chezy’s formula to calculate the velocity in case of a channel.
[4 marks]Derive an expression for the velocity distribution of viscous flow through a circular pipe and prove that the ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity is 2.1
[7 marks]What is priming? Why is it necessary in centrifugal pump?
[3 marks]Draw a general layout of a Hydroelectric power plant using an impulse turbine and define the following: (1) Gross Head (2) Net Head (3) Hydraulic Efficiency (4) Overall Efficiency of Impulse turbine
[7 marks]Differentiate between a pump and the turbine.
[3 marks]State and explain Buckingham’s π theorem. Why it is considered over Rayleigh method over dimensional analysis.
[7 marks]Differentiate between Impulse and Reaction turbine.
[4 marks]Define: Volumetric efficiency, hydraulic efficiency.
[3 marks]What is dimensional less number? State and explain them.
[7 marks]Explain construction and working of a pelton wheel.
[4 marks]