Classify various types of channel.
[3 marks]Define the following terms: 1. Boundary Layer, 2. Critical Depth, 3. Mechanical Efficiency, 4. Hydraulic Jump.
[4 marks]Discuss the phenomenon of boundary layer separation. Also discuss the effect of pressure gradient on boundary layer separation.
[7 marks]Write short note on Reynold’s experiment.
[3 marks]State and derive Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible fluid.
[4 marks]Write the expression (equation) of following phenomenon with explanation of all terms used in the equation. 1. Darcy-Weisbach equation, 2. Head loss due to sudden enlarge-ment, 3. Dupuit’s equation.
[7 marks]Prove that the maximum velocity is twice the average velocity of the flow for viscous flow in a circular pipe.
[7 marks]Arectangular channel carries water at the rate of 1000 liters/sec. with bed slope 1 in 2000. Find the dimension of most economical section. Take n=0.015.
[3 marks]Differentiate 1. Steady and Unsteady flow, 2. Uniform and Non- Uniform flow in case of open channel.
[4 marks]Derive the dynamic equation of GVF.
[7 marks]Give classification of hydraulic jump.
[3 marks]Differentiate between impulse turbine and reaction turbine.
[4 marks]Draw a layout of typical hydroelectric plant and write functions all components of hydroelectric plant.
[7 marks]What is priming of pump? Why it is necessary?
[3 marks]Define ventilation. State the requirements of good ventilation system.
[4 marks]Explain Prandtl mixing length theory and define mixing length clearly.
[7 marks]Define model and prototype. What is the significance of model analysis in fluid flow problems?
[3 marks]Enlist dimensionless numbers. And derive equation of Froude’s number through dimension analysis.1
[4 marks]What are similarities of model? Explain briefly about types of similarities between model and prototype.
[7 marks]Explain the terms: Hydraulic gradient line and Total energy line.
[3 marks]Define boundary layer thickness. Derive the expression for displacement thickness.
[4 marks]Using Buckingham’s ∏ -theorem, show that the velocity through a circular orifice is given by, V = [D/H, /VH]. Where His head causing flow, Dis the diameter of the orifice, is viscosity, is density and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
[7 marks]Write short note on water hammer.
[3 marks]Apipe 20 cm in diameter and 45 m long conveys water at a velocity of 2.5 m/sec. Find the head loss in friction using Darcy-Weisbatch formula. Take f=0.006.
[4 marks]What do you mean by most economical channel section? Derive the condition for trapezoidal channel of best section.
[7 marks]