Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokintetics — Winter 2022

Define following terms: 1) Absorption 2) Total clearance 3) Biopharmaceutics 4) Compartment model 5) Bioequivalence 6) Therapeutic index

Enlist different types of Passive transport mechanisms. Write characteristics of passive diffusion.

Discuss patient related factors that influence GI absorption of drug.

How does route of administration and type of dosage form influence rate of drug absorption?

Define drug distribution. Write a short note on volume of distribution.

Explain effect of Particle size, Polymorphism and lipophilicity of drug on GI absorption.

Discuss active transport mechanism in drug absorption.

Write a note on pH Partition theory with its limitation.

Compare protein drug binding and tissue drug binding.

Write significance of drug dissolution in bioavailability. Write use of different dissolution apparatus with respect to dosage forms.

What do you mean by nonlinear pharmacokinetics? Discuss factors causing nonlinearity.

Define absolute and relative bioavailability. Discuss methods of measurement of bioavailability.

What are pharmacokinetic models? What are applications of such models? Discuss any one pharmacokinetic model.

Derive equation in determination of absorption rate constant (Ka) using Wegner Nelson Method.

What criteria must be considered in calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters from urinary excretion data? Q. 6 (a) Define pharmacokinetics. Draw a well labeled diagram of plasma drug concentration versus time plot and explain pharmacokinetic parameters.

Define bioequivalence. Explain Latin crossover design in BE studies.

What are loading and maintenance dose? How are they calculated?

Discuss clinical effect of protein/Tissue drug binding on absorption, distribution and elimination of drug.

Write on methods to enhance dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs.

Explain dosage adjustment in patients with hepatic failure.